“Modernising State Aid through Better Evaluations” – Insights From Recent Discussions with Stakeholders journal article Norbert Gaál, Xavier Boutin European State Aid Law Quarterly, Volume 13 (2014), Issue 1, Page 67 - 70 I. Context and Rationale for State Aid Evaluations The EU State aid rules are primarily based on a system of ex-ante scrutiny. Aid measures are approved on the basis of pre-defined assessment criteria on the assumption that their overall balancewill be positive (and remain positive over their duration) as long as themeasures comply with these assessment criteria. What has been really achieved with public funds as well the actual impact of State aid on
A Decade of State Aid Control in the Field of Broadband journal article Filomena Chirico, Norbert Gaál European State Aid Law Quarterly, Volume 13 (2014), Issue 1, Page 28 - 38 I. Introduction Ten years have passed since 2003,when the firstmeasure in support of the roll-out of a broadband networkwere assessed under the EU State aid rules, and approved with direct application of Article 107(3)(c) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).1 Since then, the European Commission has adoptedmore than 125 decisions in this sector (as of October 2013) and has scrutinised projects involving a total of 13 billion o
Judgment By Formula: Regulatory Form and the Differentiation of Fiscal Measures and Non-Fiscal Measures in EU State Aid Law Christopher McMahon