Annotation on the Judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union (Eighth Chamber) of 17 October 2013 in Case C-344/12, Alcoa.

I. Introduction The judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in the “Alumix case1 (the Judgment) relates to the action for failure to fulfil obligations brought by the European Commission (the Commission) against the Republic of Italy regarding the recovery