TY - JOUR T1 - Dual Remedy Against State Aid Decisions · Case C-135/16 Georgsmarienhütte · Annotation by Rene Brunner A1 - Brunner, Rene PY - 2019 N2 - On 25 July 2018, the Court of Justice of the European Union handed down a ruling on the admissibility of the request for a preliminary ruling on the validity of a Commission Decision where the applicants in the main proceedings did not bring an action for annulment against that Decision before the General Court. The judgment Georgsmarienhütte re-evaluates the interrelationship between the action for annulment and the preliminary reference procedure and is, in essence, a reiteration of the TWD doctrine established already in 1994. Keywords: Action for annulment; Preliminary ruling procedure; Dual remedy; Parallel proceedings; National courts; TWD doctrine. JF - European State Aid Law Quarterly JA - European State Aid Law Quarterly VL - 18 IS - 3 UR - https://doi.org/10.21552/estal/2019/3/22 M3 - doi:10.21552/estal/2019/3/22 ER -