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Procedural Rights of Aid Beneficiaries in State Aid Proceedings: The Case of Helsingin Bussiliikenne Oy · Cases T-597/19 and T-603/19 Helsingin Bussiliikenne Oy · Annotation by Ilkka Aalto-Setälä, Henrik J. Koivuniemi and Leo Rantanen journal article

Annotation on the Judgments of the General Court of 14 September 2022 in Case T-597/19 Helsingin kaupunki v Commission and Case T-603/19 Helsingin Bussiliikenne v Commission

Ilkka Aalto-Setälä, Henrik J. Koivuniemi

European State Aid Law Quarterly, Volume 21 (2022), Issue 4, Page 449 - 452

The Finnish State aid saga in the bus transport sector has become to a provisional end, as the General Court found in Cases T-597/19 and T-603/19 that certain measures taken by the City of Helsinki constituted unlawful State aid. The judgement showcases various interesting aspects of State aid law, particularly procedural rights of interested parties in the context of economic continuity. This annotation introduces the procedural matters at issue in Case T-603/19 and walks through the Court’s reasoning.


When a Member State Admits an Aid to Be Incompatible · Case T-778/17 Autostrada Wielkopolska · Annotation by Marek Rzotkiewicz journal article

Annotation on the Judgment of the General Court (Ninth Chamber) of 24 October 2019 in Case T-778/17 Autostrada Wielkopolska S.A. v European Commission

Marek Rzotkiewicz

European State Aid Law Quarterly, Volume 19 (2020), Issue 2, Page 205 - 211

The granting of State support for entities is a politically sensitive subject. Member States often grant aid and then, when questioned by the Commission, defend it vigorously claiming that there was no aid at all, or that such aid was compatible with internal market rules. Different situations, ie in which Member States admit granting aid and also confirm that such aid was incompatible with internal market rules, are rare occasions. In the exceptional cases where Member States may have opposing interests to those of an entity, it is particularly important for the Commission to give the entity the opportunity to submit meaningful comments to defend its rights.

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