Commission’s Decisional Practice on State Aid to Railway Companies for Transport Coordination journal article Germano Guglielmi, Stefania Bello European State Aid Law Quarterly, Volume 19 (2020), Issue 3, Page 297 - 313 The concept of coordination of transport set forth by Article 93 TFEU is actually very vague. The Railway Guidelines provide guidance and criteria for the interpretation of this concept and the direct application to railway undertakings of Article 93 TFEU. This article focuses on the Commission Decisions concerning transport coordination, which directly or indirectly concern railway transport. In particular, the research aims at reconstructing State aid measures adopted between 2008 and 2019, assessed by the Commission pursuant either to Article 93 TFEU or to both Article 93 TFEU and the Railway Guidelines. The main purposes of this article are, firstly, to analyse how the Commission applied and interpreted this specific exception and, secondly, to assess whether the Railway Guidelines are sufficiently exhaustive or, on the contrary, they should be updated and/or extended in light of a potential revision under evaluation by the Commission. Keywords: transport coordination, Article 93 TFEU, Railway Guidelines
Judgment By Formula: Regulatory Form and the Differentiation of Fiscal Measures and Non-Fiscal Measures in EU State Aid Law Christopher McMahon